This research presents a numerical model used to solve the problem of biphasic water-crude oil flow, under the influence of capillary pressure and the gravitational effect in a two-dimensional x-y space. The novelty counts in the solution model of the system of equations resulting from the development in finite differences which led to the removal of some errors that affected especially the saturation values. For the case of water-crude oil mixture flow from a core, the model was successfully tested and the results were compared with the analytical solution, which highlighted the advantages of using this method compared to others.

The Baltic region faces significant geotechnical challenges related to its widespread soft soil deposits, particularly along coastal areas. This investigation examines an innovative foundation solution combining micropiles with soil-cement Load Transfer Platforms (LTPs) designed to address these challenges. Through comprehensive three-dimensional Finite Element Modelling, we assess various configurations of micropile arrangements in soft soil conditions typical of Baltic coastal environments. Results demonstrate remarkable improvements in bearing capacity: individual micropiles show 2.1-fold increases, three-pile groups achieve 9-fold enhancements, and integration with LTPs produces up to 19-fold increases in load-bearing capacity. The most substantial improvements were observed in larger pile groups, with up to 80-fold capacity increases when combined with optimized LTPs. These findings offer promising solutions for construction on problematic soft soil deposits throughout the Baltic region, particularly for transportation infrastructure and medium-rise structures in developing coastal areas.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have different limitations, including storage and processing capabilities. Besides, sensors' communication ranges are limited. Besides, those limitations raise the issue of the network intrusion and sensors' capabilities in detecting intruders. This paper introduces two different algorithms to detect intrusions in wireless sensor-based systems, which are more vulnerable to attacks. The first proposed algorithm is supervised learning-based classification. On the other hand, the second algorithm is unsupervised learning-based clustering. Both algorithms try to detect intrusions using a set of detection rules that are structured in the form of decision trees. The algorithms are detailed and extensively examined on a well-known dataset. They also are tested against two different architectures, two and three levels networks. The three-level architecture represents the sensor node, sink node, and base station level, while the two-level architecture represents the levels of sensor and sink nodes. An enhancement for decision-tree-based classification algorithms is also proposed by changing the decision tree to a binary tree. Such change made a significant enhancement in the complexity of reaching a decision. The produced decision trees use a similar decision tree node structure as the one used in Classification and Regression Trees (CART). The performance of our proposed algorithms and techniques are measured and extensively examined.

Background. Kefir is a fermented milk product whose consumption increases rapidly due to its sensory properties, positive effects on health, and natural probiotic characteristics. Coffee silver skin (CSS) is a by-product complex carbohydrate. Its antioxidant properties are based on the presence of chlorogenic acid in the dietary fiber matrix. Due to its prebiotic and antioxidant properties, CSS supports the growth of Bifido bacteria, thus can be used as a new functional food supplement. Objective. The main objective of the study was to determine the effects of coffee silver skin (CSS) as a by-product and a new ingredient in kefir production due to prebiotic characteristics. Methods. Kefir samples were produced using freeze-dried kefir culture and supplementation CSSs (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0%) that belong to two coffee varieties (Arabica and Robusta). The physicochemical properties (pH, total acidity, total dry matter, and dietary fiber contents), microbial viability (lactobacilli, lactococci, and yeasts), and survival of kefir culture under simulated in vitro gastrointestinal conditions (GIs) were investigated during a 28-d storage period. Results. During the storage, the decrease in pH and increase in total acidity were affected by the CSS supplementation (p<0.05). The use of CSS supplementation and gradual increase in their did not cause significant changes (p>0.05) of total dry matter whereas it was significantly increased (p<0.05) total dietary fiber content of kefir samples compared with control samples. Microbiologically, CSS of Robusta variety caused to obtain higher survival rates comparing to Arabica CSS. Significantly, the addition of Robusta CSS (at least 0.5%) into the kefir samples was observed more supportive for the survival rates on lactobacilli (88.94-94.10%) and lactococci (82.37-92.44%) than Arabica CSS. The supplementation of CSS (0.75-1.0%) of Arabica variety supported to survival rate (85.45-82.92%) of lactobacilli than Robusta CSS after in vitro digestion, whereas the lactococci had a significantly lower survival rate both CSS added kefir samples. Conclusions. Results showed that CSS might be useful as a prebiotic ingredient for supporting kefir culture viability and increasing the dietary fiber content of kefir.

Conjugal infertility affects around 10% to 15% of couples around the world so, there are a number of couples that just can procreate through subsidiaries techniques for the natural Conception. The Artificial Reproductive Technologies (ART) is a technique that allows give an answer to this issue. This involves a potential human being who is not yet endowed with rights. In addition to the medical options there are social options, such as adoption, which can be an alternative to overcome the absence of children. In ART, a conflict between the principles of respect for autonomy and responsibility can arise. Implies a couple who have autonomy to procreate a child and the medical doctor have the responsibility to protect an expected child. In the case of adoption the main goal is to protect the best interests of the child with rights who in most cases has been subjected to both personal and social difficulties.\nThis paper presents a critical perspective about ethical issues in ART, namely a reflection about the responsibility of the medical doctor with the future child making an analogy with adoption.

Linear motion systems are widely used in industry. The assembly of a linear motion system contains moving members and a fixed member (frame). Moving members also consist of ball screws, nuts, guides, and bearings. Frame members with aluminum profiles and connecting parts are considered. Aluminum profiles are widely used in building and automation structures due to their durability, lightweight, corrosion resistance, shorter fastening time and reusability. Finite element analysis is a method, which has been commonly used in determining structural behaviors. Finite element analysis by solid elements is generally not possible because aluminum profiles have complicated shapes and the assembly is complex. BEAM188 element in ANSYS is used to model structural members in this study. Assumptions are introduced for moving members. Simulation and experimental results are given for modal analysis. Furthermore, the control studies of residual vibrations are conducted both in experimental and in simulation. The results show that the proposed modeling technique is very practical and simulation results agree with experimental results.

Fusarium wilt of lentil caused by the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis (Fol) is one of the long-lasting destructive diseases in the world, causing substantial yield losses. In this study ten genotypes of lentil were screened for resistance against lentil wilt under control and field conditions. In order to describe different level of incomplete resistance, detailed methods studied to evaluate the resistance of the pathogen under controlled conditions was established. For Germplasm assessment, disease incidence and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) were recorded and rated using the disease rating scale. Among studied genotypes, IB-7 appeared moderately resistant (10%), while IB-8 (%) and IB-2 (%) exhibited moderately susceptible (MS) reaction and remaining genotypes were found to be susceptible (S). However, no genotype was completely resistant. Pathogenicity tests were done to check the disease response using four different methods: Soil and seed inoculation (M1), soil inoculation (M2), seed inoculation (M3), and inoculation after germination (M4). Disease incidence percent and AUDPC were computed. According to statistical results, M1 appeared highly effective in producing the maximum disease, followed by M3 and M2. The maximum AUDPC value was obtained in plants inoculated by M1, M3 and M2, respectively. In terms of seed germination, all methods significantly reduced the plant germination as compared to control. Significant lowest germination was observed in plants inoculated by M1, followed by the M3 and M2. Although control plants had maximum length and weight, M4 found to be better than M1, M2 and M3. Based on the current study, it is suggested that more comprehensive varietal screening program should be conducted to find out more appropriate resistant sources. Disease can cause more losses when Fol is present in soil and seed.

Proteomics is the study of platelet proteins with the molecules that regulates unknown platelet functions associated diseases related to the platelets. Various application of proteomics includes: to study (a) whole platelet proteome in either resting or activated condition (b) platelet subproteomes granules and micro-particles (c) platelet PTMs (phosphosproteome, glycoproteome, palmitoylome). LCMS analysis was performed in Thermo Orbitrap fusion tribird mass spectrometer coupled with an EASY-NLC 1200 series system after the protein pellets were dissolved in urea buffer (8M urea/2M thiourea) and then sample concentration were evaluated utilizing Nanodrop. 34 de-novo proteins were identified and analysis was done. Fold change >1.5 considered as down-regulation of the protein expression in comparison to control group while fold change <0.98 consider as down-regulation of protein expression. Platelet proteomics provides astounding information about underline platelet-related diseases, though several other changes still remain to be studied. However, we are confident that the in-cooperation of the most recent advances in MS-based techniques in platelets proteomics studies will allow further description of the mechanisms implicated in diseases and find out new biomarkers or drug targets. Keywords: Proteomics, Platelets ,Human, Platelet additive solution

There has been a slow response by the World Trade Organization (WTO), especially those pertaining to integrating the digital economy among countries. Because of the complex, multidimensional electronic commerce environment, and diverse interests and conflicts among states on matter internet regulation and electronic development. However, the agreement specifically at the World Trade Organization forum acts as intermediary responsibility in the formation of safe, sure, and a reliable guiding structure for electronic commerce. Thus, it requires to be restructured early enough and significant way to facilitate the advancement of the electronic economy. This paper\'s focus is on the overhaul of the WTO to be inline and able to handle challenging contemporary trade treaties as currently, there is no all-inclusive change program for the WTO.